Fujian: natural enemies scale production and application to reach the international leader level
Chen Guoming (Chief Reporter) / Wen.
On December 14, 2014, Fujian Province Science and technology development research center of the organization of the countrys top students prevention experts composed of by the Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences plant protection research, Fujian agriculture and Forestry University, National Agricultural Technology Promotion Center and Fujian Yan Xuan biological control technology companies, such as the unit of the project group of joint research and development of "important economic crop pests (MITEs) of natural resources exploitation and utilization results were evaluated. The experts agreed that the research results as a whole reached the advanced level of international similar studies, which reached the international advanced level in the large-scale production and application of natural enemies.
10 years of research, the fruits of
R & D project team of "important economic crop pests (MITEs) of natural resources exploitation and utilization results is key scientific and technical problems of several economically important crops and the surrounding ecological environment pests (MITEs) natural resources exploitation and utilization, after continuous 10 years of research, by 11 projects integrated and obtained fruitful.
In 10 years, the project team has built an important economic crop pests (MITEs) Germplasm source library collection predators, parasitoids and predatory insects and predatory mites were identified in the library, several important economic crops (bamboo, cotton, vegetables, longan, litchi, loquat, rice, tea, citrus, edible fungi and the surrounding environment of the pests (MITEs) of natural enemies and 2179 species, including 59 species of newly discovered species, 26 species are new record species in China; set up the rice pests, cotton, citrus, longan, litchi, bamboo pen, loquat and tea and other agricultural crops and eight forest natural resources database total query system, collected 1874 species of natural enemies, among them, 69 kinds of natural enemies on bamboo, citrus, longan 186 kinds of natural enemies of crop pests and 54 species of plants, 52 species of natural enemies of litchi, loquat, tea crop pests and 82 species of crops, rice crop pests and 176 species of 702 species of natural enemies of cotton crop; on 553 species of natural enemies. Users can get the eight crops of pest and their natural enemies information through this system. The project team for the first time to develop the personality of Delphastus catalinae, Japan knife angle scoop, Japan wasp Encarsia, Changying en Encarsia germplasm resources description specification, data standards, and data quality control standard; explore several important economic crop pests (mite) of dominant species of natural enemies of 24 and 11 kinds of fine natural enemies of the corresponding biology, ecology, insect pests -- natural enemy of plants that are relationship research and evaluation of use, the establishment of large-scale production technology of natural enemies, and to provide the basis for the field application.
At the same time, the project team also invented the use of predatory mites carry fungal multi targets to control pests (MITEs) method and product; bred Amblyseius cucumeris with resistance to abamectin resistant strains and provide production application; clear with the release of the cucumber mite resistant strain) as the core of the integrated pest management to protect and promote the growth of native predators, citrus, cotton insect pests (MITEs) of natural control plays an important role; the promulgation and implementation of the three predatory mites producing, using standard to fill the international the research blank.
More than 10 years, the project group on the natural enemies of the field comprehensive application of technology system for research and innovation, the development of a variety of natural enemies, breeding, storage, transportation and release method to create the use of natural biological control core, biological control and ecological security target (mite) integrated control technical system. The project team also received 6 patents of invention patents, 103 papers published, and more than 10 were collected by SCI. Cooperation in the filming of "1049.7_wan bacteria in treatment of cities and counties in Chinas 30 provinces and cities 1170 citrus, cotton and other crops producing areas established by mites mites, mite bug", "to mite pest" demonstration area of 1657 million mu, reduce pesticide usage 4245 tons, reducing the cost of prevention and cure of 1.56 billion yuan, increase savings 49.5 billion yuan, decrease labor started, 12.75 million, reduce the prevention and control of water 3928.2 million tons produce pollution-free agricultural products million tons; and CCTV science and technology garden "column in the mite mite", "active in the greenhouses of predatory mites, science and educational films in theaters throughout the country and organized biological control training class 213, training farmers 8.43 million passengers, social, economic and ecological benefits significantly.
The "predatory mites production technical regulations" to fill the gaps of the international project
The use of natural enemies to control pests and mites is an important content in the field of biological control.. The quantity and quality of the natural enemies decides the key to the success or failure of the biological control. The natural enemies domestication and become the product is a very arduous research and development work. In our country, factory production of natural enemy products less than 10, "important economic crop pests (MITEs) of natural resources exploitation and utilization" project group after 20 years of research and development, in 1997 in China was developed successfully with independent intellectual property rights of the predacious mite factory production technology, to solve the problems of Chinas 50 year long predatory mites factory production problems, founded Chinas first predatory mite commodity production base, opened the industrialization of Chinas predatory mites. In order to unify and standardize the predatory mite factory technology, production beyond the standard quality of the predatory mite products provide the needs of agricultural production, this standard from the drafting to promulgated after 15 years repeated modifications and supplements, formulated and promulgated the "predatory mites factory technology, standards and in 2012 in accordance with the standards of the predatory mite rules for the production technology of", and built a Asias largest, integrating scientific research, development, demonstration, promotion, achievements, industrialization, predators and after-sales service as one of predatory mites crevasse production base.
At the same time, predatory mite product quality product rate increased from 50% up to 99%, quality of the predatory mite products through a set of according to the standard of the temple of packaging, storage and long-distance transportation, which is widely applied to over 30 provinces and cities in China nearly 2000 counties and 20 million only exported to Europe, America, Asia, the predacious mite export zero breakthrough. Predatory mites (Amblyseius cucumeris) in 2012 and 2013 is China plant protection (Journal of the Department of Agriculture) named "I most trust for the prevention and control of green brand products. According to the Ministry of agriculture in 2006 file, Chinas citrus orchards each year mites occurrence area of 1 million mu, control area of 1 million 4 million mu, the annual frequency of use up to 10 -- 15 times, orangery accounted for the total dose of 60% - 70%. Project group in the study leading the first discovery of predatory mites, Amblyseius cucumeris to prey on citrus red mite, embroidered tick of the mite state pioneered the use of Amblyseius cucumeris citrus producing area of our country more than 10 provinces and cities to control citrus mite success as a species of natural enemies of the application. Formulated and promulgated the predacious mites to control citrus pest mites in technical specification for standard, the predatory mite control citrus damage effect of mite rose from 60% to 90%, becoming the national agricultural center and Fujian, Sichuan, Hunan, Guizhou and other citrus producing areas important citrus pest green control technology. The promulgation and implementation of the regulations on the prevention and treatment of the mite and the cotton mite has filled the gaps in the development of the project.
Chinas cotton acreage 4660000 hectares, accounting for 15% of the world, production 6000000 tons, accounting for 25% of the world. Xinjiang cotton red spider perennial occurrence area of 60 million hectares, resulting in the loss of 15 - 30%, Yangtze River valley cotton red spider perennial occurrence area of 313 father Ares, resulting in the loss of 10-20%; Shaanxi cotton red spider perennial occurrence area of 6.7 million hectares, resulting in the loss of 5 - 45%. Every year in our country to the cotton pest control pesticides accounted for one third of the total amount of farmland pesticide, acaricide and accounted for two fifths of them, but effective use of rate is only 10 - 30%, many secondary pest outbreak.
Therefore, the project team since 2001 and the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps and other units cooperation, after 10 years of arduous exploration, first discovered and proved that predatory mites (Amblyseius cucumeris) as natural enemies to control cotton spider mites, invented for field releases the slow release of predatory mites, predators sustained release period 30 days, improves the natural enemies in the field continued to pest control efficacy: per acre than chemical cost saving 70% - 80%, and reduce the pesticide use amount of 80%. This technology breakthrough, making our country and even the world cotton field area, low cost, efficiently use "to mite controlling mites" biocontrol technology become a reality.
Expert: natural enemies of large-scale production and application of the leading international level
December 14, Fujian Province Science and technology development research center of the organization of domestic experts in the field of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences plant protection research, R & D units "important economic crop pests (MITEs) of natural resources exploitation and utilization results were evaluated. The expert group listened to the results of the completion of the report, the investigation site, reviewed the relevant information, the questions, the discussion and the formation of the following comments:
More than 10 years, "important economic crop pests (MITEs) of natural resources exploitation and utilization" create an important economic crop pests (MITEs) of natural enemy germplasm resource library, a collection of parasitic and predatory natural enemy insect specimens identified 2179 species of natural enemies, the 59 species, 26 species of a new national record. At the same time, project team also created eight of Agricultural Crops Pests and their natural enemies resources database query system, a total of collecting, collating the insect pests in 1874, the user can get through the system of eight crop pests and their natural enemies in information and hits nearly 46 million times. Through the efforts, explore the 24 kinds of important economic crop pests of dominant species of natural enemies, 11 kinds of fine natural enemies of the evaluation research, completed the standardization of predatory mites industrial production base and provide excellent natural enemy resources for field application have been carried out. The project team has promulgated and implemented 3 predatory mites production and application standards, and fills the gaps of the international development. Evaluation also pointed out that the project team invented the use of predatory mites carry insect endophytic fungi target control method and breeding of pests (MITEs) Amblyseius cucumeris to abamectin has remarkable resistance of high resistant strain and provide production application, clear with the release of the cucumber Amblyseius mites (strains) as the core of the integrated pest management to protect and promote the growth of native predators.
In addition, the project group received 5 patents for invention patents, published 106 papers, of which 9 papers were SCI,
2008-2012 crop production area in Chinas 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of citrus, cotton, and other established "to mite treatment mites, mite pest", "infected mite pest" demonstration zone 1657 million mu, reduce pesticide usage 1286.63 tons, reduced the cost of prevention and cure of 10.6 billion yuan, increase savings 49.5 billion yuan, social, economic and ecological benefits are remarkable.
The experts agreed that the research results as a whole reached the advanced level of international research, which is the natural enemies of large-scale production and application of international advanced level.